What Is The Difference Between MPPT & PWM?
MPPT stands for Maximum Power Point Tracking. It observes and regulates the energy going from the solar panel to the batteries. Solar panels have a variable output depending on the light available. The devices can match the panel’s voltage with the battery voltage to maximise charge efficiency.
PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. The devices can be
explained as electrical switches between batteries. It can be quickly switched
on and off. Which allows the desired voltage to be obtained to charge the batteries.
So what is the difference?
MPPT charge control devices are more efficient. The current
is drawn out of the panel at the panel.
Where as a PWM device, the current is drawn out of the panel
at just above the battery voltage. This is not to say that PWM devices do not
have place in a system set up.
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PWM devices are a good low cost option for small systems
where the efficiency of the system is not critical such as trickle charging.
Also it’s good for panels with a maximum power voltage of up to 18V for
charging a 12v battery.
MPPT controllers are best for larger systems where
additional energy harvesting is worth while and the solar array voltage is
substantially higher than the battery voltage. An example of this is using
house solar panels to charge 12v batteries.
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